Pump



March 85.1927. IJ. D. NIXON ET AL l 1,620,222

PUMP

Filed NOV. 29. 1924 3 Sheets-#Sheet 3 Patented Mar. 8, 1927.

UNITED@ STATES- PATENT orifice.

.T EDDYV D. NIXON AND GERALD It. LIVERGOOD, OF' HOUSTQN, TEXAS.

PUMP.

Application'fled November 29, 1924. Serial No.V 752,856.

This invention vrelates toV new and useful improvements in a pump'.

One object oi' the invention is to produce a pump ot th-e characterdescribed adapted for use in pumping wells and embodyingv a workingbarrel and a plunger therein having surrounding packing. and. includingalso means for adjusting said: packing to the plunger without thenecessity of pulling the pump to the surface ot the ground, or evenstopping the operation thereof tor the purpose ot making saidadjustment;

Another obj-ect is to produce a pump of the character describedembodying means whereby the plunger packing may be properly adjusted tothe plunger through the rotation, or n'ianipulation, of the pump tubing,as will be hereinafter more specifically explained.

A further object of the invention is to produce a pump, as described,embodying -a construction whereby the plunger-open ating rods will turnwith the tubing, in making the packing adjustments, above referr-ed to,so as to distribute the wear on said rods and tubing, as will beexplained hereinafter more vin detail.

A further feature of the invention resides in a novel type ot casingengaging anchor, whereby the stationary part of the pump may be anchoredagainstrotaticn in effecting the adjustment of the packing about theplunger. Y

A still further feature of the invention resides in a novel constructionwhereby the fluid pressure on opposite sides ot the packing may beequalized, in withdrawing the plunger from the working barrel, to theend that the packing will not become displaced` by `unequal pressures,during operation ot withdrawing said plunger.

Vith the above and other objects in view this invention has particularrelation to ation and arrangement of parts an example of which ris givenin this specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawing,wherein Figur-es 1, 2, 3 and 4L are vertical sectional views showing thecomplete pump in sections from the top downward.

Figure 5 shows a side view of the anchor, partly in section.

the

certain novel features ot construction, oper-` Figure 6 shows asectional view, of the anchor, taken on the line 6-6 et Figure 51 ,and

, Figur-e 7 shows a transverse sectional view' thereof, taken on theline 7*-7 of Figure 5'.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, wherein like numeralsosi relierence designate similar parts in each ofr the iigures, thenumeral 1 designates the well i open-ing 5,. and around this opening, inthe upperl side of the casing head, there is a countersunk annular seat6 to receive the supporting ring 7. The pump tubing and pump,hereinafter described in detail, are

suspended from the casing head, by this ring.

There is an elongated tubular gland 8, litted through the ring 7, :tromthe lower end of which the pump tubing is' suspended. Above the casinghead the gland 8 has an outwardly extending annularshoulder 9 andbetween this shoulder andthe ring 7 there are the annular bearingplat-es 10 and 11, the `former of which rests on the ring 7 and thelatter of which forms a supportv for the shoulder 9 and theanti-friction bearings 12 areV interposedl between these plates. Theseplates, and the bearings between them, are held in place on the gland 8by means of a key'ring 13 which is seated in an annular key way 14around said gland 8 just beneath the plate 10. The shoulder 9 has one ormore sockets 15, to receive an operating rod, or handle, by means ofwhich the gland 8, and the tubing beneath may be turned.

Leading upwardly from the gland 8 there is a discharge tube 16, withwhich thek discharge line (not shown) is .connected in any conventionalmanner. The lower end of this tube 16 has an outwardly extending annularlange 17, which lits within the `upper end of the gland 8 and restson'an .annular bearing shoulder. 18 therein. On

this flange 17 rests the annular packing 1f) which is Afitted within theupper end ot the gland 8 and is held clamped therein by means of theclamp nut20, which is threaded over the upper end oit the gland S. AVfluid tight swivelingconnectionbetween the gland 8 and the dischai'getube is thus provided.

The punip barrel is suspended in the well by .means ot the tubing 2lwhose upner end is threaded into the lower end ot the gland 8. Thistubing` may bc made up of joints, oi' sections, and may be of anyrequired length to locate the pump at the desir-ed point in the well.The pump will usually be located down in the liner 3, near the oilbearing strata.

Threaded onto the lower end of the tubing 21 there is a nipple 22 andthe upper end et the pump working barrel is threaded onto this nipple.This working barrel may be formed of two tubular sections, an .upper andlower section, designated, respectivelj7 by the numerals 23 and Forconvenience in assembling the upper section is formed ol" two partssci'ewed together, as at 25. Be-

' neatli this connection the lower part of section 23 is thickenedinwardly and internally threaded to receive the outwardly threaded upperend ot the lower section 24, which telescopesQand is threaded. therein.

Packing 26, is interposed between the sections of the working barrel. atthe lower end ot the outer section. and is held in place by the gland2'? which surrounds the lower section of the barrel and is screwed upinto the'A lower end of the upper section thereof, against said packing.A fluid tight joint is thus formed which will also exclude grit,

and the like and thus pi'otect the threads connecting the working barrelsections. The lower end of the gland 2'? is beveled, as at 2S, toprevent the barrel from hanging on any internal projections in thecasing` or liner.

There is a tubular plunger 29 in the working barrel. The upper end oitthis plunger works through the nipple 22 and threaded into it is thetubular body 30, of the traveling valve. The upper end ot this bodycarries the usual annular valve seat 3l which .is clamped in place bythe lower end of the valve cage, 32, threaded onto the upper end of saidbody, and said seat is controlled by an upwardly opening ball valve 33,which is confined by said cage. The plunger is reciprocated by means ofthe pump rod 34 whose lower end is connected to said cage and whoseupper end is connected to the conventional' pump-operating means (notshown) at the ground surface. This pump rod has a swiveling joint 35,preferably located above the casing head.

The inside o'l' the working barrel carries suitable packing, as 36,which surrounds the plunger 29. and is preferably formed ot fabricpacking rings. This packing is con lined between the nipple 22, above,and the sleeve 37 beneath, said sleeve being fitted within the workingbarrel and resting on the upper end o't the lower section, 24, thereof.rlhe nipple 22, and sleeve Si' forni abutinents to confine said plungerpacli'ing. and there are metal washers, 38, 3S located between saidrespective abutments and the adjacent ends ot the packing 3G. As thepacking and plunger weir, incident to the operation of the pump thepacking may be adjusted about the plunger to take up the wear, as willbe hereinafter explained.

Connected to the lower end of the working barrel there is a well screen39, formed oi one or more tubular sections, suitably pei'- forated, inany conventional manner, to permit the iniiow et the surrounding fluid.The upper end of this screen is iin-perforated and has a contractedsection 40. which is downwardly tapered to form a downwardly conveyingseat in which is located a tubular lead seal 41.

A standing valve seat 42 is sustained b v the seal 4l, and is controlledby the upwardly opening valve 43 which is confined by the standing-valvecage 44, all located within the upper end of the screen 89, said upperend forming a casing, or housing, 45. for the standing valve structure.Screwed into the lower end of the valve seat there is a. depending inletpipe 46 which is fitted through the seal 4l and projects down into thescreen 39.

Attached to the lower end of the screen there is a tubular spider 47,having the lat` eral concaved recesses 48, and located iii theserecesses are the eccentric dogs 49. These dogs are oit a generalcylindrical contour, and each is mounted eccentrically on a. shaft 50whose respective ends are anchored in the end webs 5l. 52 ot the spider.The range of rotation ot each dog is limited by the spaced stops 53,'formed on the lower end of each dog and adapted to contact with a stud54 carried by the web 52 and located between said stops. One end of eachdog has a recess, as 55, in which is located. a coil spring 5G whichsurrounds the rod 50 and whose ends are outwardly turned. One ot saidout-turned ends is fitted into a socket in the adjacent web 51 and theother is fitted into a socket, as 57 in the adjacent end of the dog. Aplurality of' these last named sockets are provided so as to makeprovision for adjusting, or varying the tension on said spring.

The dogs being mounted eccentrically, iii eii'ect, one side ot each dog'`forms a cani which is :tlutcd lengthwise, t'orming engaging teeth. as5S, and the tension ot the springs normally holds said cams in expanded,or outward position, in i'eadiness to vengage with the surrounding pipe,or liner. ,The respective ends ot the dogs are con- Illu tracted, or taoered, as shown, and; the lower taper, of eac i dog is alsol fashionedin` the form of a spi-ral, fora purpose to be hereinafter' explained.Depending from the spider et? there is the usual- -section of tubing, or

pipe, 59, which extends down well to the. bottonr of the boreand?, isprovided to lim-it the drop of the pump. mechanism, should it beaccidental-lv released` from abo-Ve. Y

The pump mechanism is assembled, as shown: and' gradually let down intothe well, with the dogs 49, in outward, or expanded position. The pipe59 entersthe liner 3i and ser-ves: as: a guide for the pump to enter..The lower ends of the dogsl 49, as stated are tapered, and theirspiralled formation is such that as they enter the liner they will beforced. around into inward, or contracted, position, so that they willenter the liner,

andthe springs 5G yield to permit this moyeinent, and are thereby placedunder further tensioni wit-li the effect that they hold the fluted camfaces of the does in secure con-- tact with the liner walls to instantlyengage with said; walls in case the spider is subjected totorsionalstrain. -The pump is lowered i-n the well to the desired point, andthere anchored', as shown.

In operation the plunger is recip-rocated, up and down, in any wellknown manner, the plunger 29A working'l through the packingl 36. Euentually the packing, and alsouthe plunger, will wear so as to permitleakage past the lung2er, between it and theA packing. The eliiciency ofthe pump will thus become im-- paired, necessitating' the adjusting', ortightening, of the packing` about the plunge-r. This: may beaccomplished by inserti-ng; a rod, or handle into one of the sockets l5-and turningy the tubing` 2l to theright. The dogs- 49 will at onceengage with the liner and anchor the lower section 24;. of the workingbarrel', against rturning. This rotation o-f the tubingY will causetheupper workinggA barrel .section to telescope further down on; thelower section, in effect drawing the abutments against the ends of thepacking' 36` closer together and compressingthe packing to take up saidwear; eas` y zufcomplished without stoppingr the pur. p,l and thepackinggwill thus be ad.'` isted to a nice lit around that portion ofthe plunger which is worn.

It is well known that the bore of a well particularly of a deep well` isusually sinuous, so that the tubing` will usually have a number ofbends, or curves, and these are sometimes so decided that the pump rodwill often have to bend or curve to follow the course of the tubing.Consequently as the rod is reciprocated it will wear against the innersides of the bends in the tubing` and will not only wear the tubing, atthese points, but will itself be also worn away by the fric- This workmay be tieni. For; that reason the rod has the swiv ellinp; joint 35f,sotlratas1the tubing-is turned., the plunger, and rod beneath saidjaoingwill also turn, thus bringing 'other' parts of the tub-ing walland rod into friction-al Contact. to secure uniformity of wear all theway around',

It sometimes becomes necessary to pull the plunger out for repairs, andin withdrawing it, it becomes necessary to equalize the pressureagainstthe upper and lower ends ofthe packing; 3(5); otherwise the normallpressureof the Huid against the upper end of the packing, beine;`ereg-atei* than the normal pres sure in the working' barrel, duringthis pulling operation, would displace the packing; as soon as thelilunger clearsi-t, in being witlr drawn. In order to equalize thispressure a port 60, is provided in the plunger and: so located that itwill clear the upper end of' the packing 36` and permit the entran-ce ofthe fluid, from. within the tubingv 2li,Y into the working barrel, toequalize the pressure before the pluzirgrer has cleared the lower endvof said packing. Y

7h-enI the plunger' has been withdrawn the standingf Valve may also bepull-.ed out, if necessary, by the use of a suitable tool for thispurpose, wit-hout disturbi-nip; the seal 4l,v and these parts whenrepaired, may be asreadily replaced ffor the further operation of thepump;

That is now considered. the preferred form of the pump has been shownand de-` scribed, but it is apparent that mechanical changes may be madeand certain partsy rearranged without impairing the efficiency of thepump; as for example the anchor shown mightv be located elsewhere, inthe structure, than at the point as illustrated, and various other,mechanical changes and rearrange ments might be made withoutdepartingfrom the principle of the invention or the scope ofthe appended claims.

That we claim is 2.--

l. A pump,- including`y a working;- barrel, aplunger therein, packing;in said barrel around the plunger, means abutting against the upper andlower ends of the packing. rotatable tubing; for suspending the pump ina well bore, and operative connections through .which the tub-ing may beemployed by rotatE ingthe same to rotate the upper abutment and' therebyto adj-ust sai-d packing` abou-t the plunger,` through said abut-tingmeans..

2. A pump including' a working' barrel, a plunger therein, packing` insaid barrel around the plunger, upper and lower abutments confining'said packing', means for anchoring' the lower abutment against rotation,tubing" suspending the pump in a well bore, means having` connectionwith said tubing and adapted to be operated thereby to eli'ect lll) therelative rotation of said abutments and thereby accomplish theadjustment of the packing about the plunger', throughsaid abutments.

3. A pump including al working barrel, a tubing to the lower end ofwhich the barrel is connected, a plunger in said barrel, packing inthebarrel around the plunger, means adapted to be actuated by the tubingwhen the tubing is rotated, and through which the packing may beadjusted about the plunger, said means embodying end abutments operativeagainst the ends ot' the packing' and an anchor adapted to engage thewalls of the well bore to secure one of said abutments against rotation.

4t. A pump including a working barrel, a tubing to the lower end otwhich the barrel is connected. a tubing support to which the tubing isrotatably connected, a plunger in the barrel, packing' in the barrelaround the plunger, means for rotating' the tubing', means adapted to beactuated from the tubing, when the latter is rotated. and through whichthe packing vmay be adjusted about the plunger.

5. A pump includinga working barrel, a tubing' to the lower end ot whichsaid barrel is attached, tubing' suspending' means. with which thetubing' has a swivelingl connection, a plunger in the barrel, packing inthe barrel around the plunger'. abutments disposed to confine thejmcking and one ot which is lined with respect to the other, means toranchoring said lixed abutment, means through which said tubing operates.when rotated, to etiect the adjustment ot said packing, about theplunger', through said abutments. y

6. A pump includingl a working barrel, formed of sections having athreaded connection, a plunger therein, packing' in the barrel aroundthe plunger, abutments in the barrel carried by the respective sections,and confining said packing, means adapted to engage the walls ot thewell bore for anchoring one of said sections against rotation, mea-nsfor rotating the other section.

7. A pump including' a working barrel lormed ot' sections having athreaded connection, a plunger therein, packing in the barrel around theplunger` abutments above and below the packing tor confining the same,one of said abutments being carried by the coiresponding barrel section,the rotation of one barrel section relative to the other beingell'ective to adjust said abutments relative to cach other and tothereby7 adjust the packing about the plunger, and an anchor forengaging the walls ot a well boro to secure one ot' said sectionsagainst rotation.

'8. A pump including a working barrel formed ot sections having athreaded connection, a plunger therein, packingv in the barrel aroundthe plunger'. abutments .above and below the packing for conning thesame, one ot said abutments being carried by the corresponding barrelsection. the rotation ot one barrel section relative to the other beingeffective to adjust said abutments relative to each other and to therebyadjust the packing about the plunger, an anchor carried by one otl saidsections and adapted to engage the wall ot a bore t'or holding saidsection against rotation, and a tubing' to which the barrel is attachedand through which the other' section may be rotated.

9. A pump including a working barrel, a tubing to the lower end ot whichthe barrel is connected, a plunger in said barrel, packing in the barrelaround said plunger. abutments carried by the barrel between which thepackingl is confined, means lor engaging with the wall ot the well boreand anchoring one ot' said abutments against rotation therein therebeing connections through which said abutments may be adjusted by therotation ot' the tubing to effect the adjustment ot the packing about.the plunger.

l0. A pump including a working barrel, a rotatable tubing to the lowerend ot which the barrel is attached, means from which the tubing issuspended, a plunger in the barrel, packing in the barrel around theplunger, said barrel embodying relatively rotatable means contining saidpacking, means adapted to engage the wall ot a well bore itor anchoringone ot said confining' means against rotation, while the pump issuspended in the bore, the other ot said means being rotatable with thetubing, and an operative connection through which the tubing acts. whenrotated, to effect the adj ustment ot the packing about the plungerthrough said conlining means.

In testimony whereotl we have signed our names to this specification.

JEDDY D. NIKON. GERALD R. LVERGOOD.

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